Resumo Objetivou-se investigar a relação entre a maturação sexual com indicadores antropométricos e pressóricos de adolescentes. Estudo transversal de base populacional, realizado entre 2018 e 2020, com 345 adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos. Coletou-se variáveis sociodemográficas e antropométricas, pressão arterial e maturação sexual. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio da Análise de Componentes Principais, que gerou três componentes e, posteriormente, testou-se a correlação entre a maturação sexual e os componentes gerados. A maioria dos adolescentes eram do sexo feminino (53%), normotensos (66,1%) e com peso normal (73%). Houve correlação positiva entre o desenvolvimento das mamas com o componente 1 e o componente 2, e correlação negativa entre mamas e o componente 3. Nos meninos, o desenvolvimento dos genitais e pelos pubianos estiveram positivamente correlacionados com o componente 2 e inversamente correlacionados com o componente 3. Conclui-se que existe relação entre a maturação sexual e os indicadores antropométricos e pressóricos, sendo variáveis representativas de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes, mesmo que não em sua totalidade.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sexual maturation and anthropometric and blood pressure indicators in teenagers. This was a population-based cross-sectional study, conducted with 345 teenagers, aged 10 to 19 years, between 2018 and 2020. In this study, data referent to sociodemographic and anthropometric variables, blood pressure, and sexual maturation were collected. The data analysis was performed by applying the Principle Component Analysis (PCA), which generated three components and then tested the correlation between sexual maturation and the generated components. Most of the teenagers were female (53%), normotensive (66.1%), and with a normal weight (73%). A positive correlation was found between breast development and component 1 and component 2, as well as a negative correlation between the breasts and component 3. In the boys, the development of genitals and pubic hair was positively correlated with component 2 and inversely correlated with component 3. It could therefore be concluded that there is a relationship between sexual maturation and the anthropometric and blood pressure indicators, which proved to be representative variables for cardiovascular risk in teenagers, even if not in their entirety.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sexual maturation and anthropometric and blood pressure indicators in teenagers. This was a population-based cross-sectional study, conducted with 345 teenagers, aged 10 to 19 years, between 2018 and 2020. In this study, data referent to sociodemographic and anthropometric variables, blood pressure, and sexual maturation were collected. The data analysis was performed by applying the Principle Component Analysis (PCA), which generated three components and then tested the correlation between sexual maturation and the generated components. Most of the teenagers were female (53%), normotensive (66.1%), and with a normal weight (73%). A positive correlation was found between breast development and component 1 and component 2, as well as a negative correlation between the breasts and component 3. In the boys, the development of genitals and pubic hair was positively correlated with component 2 and inversely correlated with component 3. It could therefore be concluded that there is a relationship between sexual maturation and the anthropometric and blood pressure indicators, which proved to be representative variables for cardiovascular risk in teenagers, even if not in their entirety.

Resumo Objetivou-se investigar a relação entre a maturação sexual com indicadores antropométricos e pressóricos de adolescentes. Estudo transversal de base populacional, realizado entre 2018 e 2020, com 345 adolescentes de 10 a 19 anos. Coletou-se variáveis sociodemográficas e antropométricas, pressão arterial e maturação sexual. A análise dos dados foi feita por meio da Análise de Componentes Principais, que gerou três componentes e, posteriormente, testou-se a correlação entre a maturação sexual e os componentes gerados. A maioria dos adolescentes eram do sexo feminino (53%), normotensos (66,1%) e com peso normal (73%). Houve correlação positiva entre o desenvolvimento das mamas com o componente 1 e o componente 2, e correlação negativa entre mamas e o componente 3. Nos meninos, o desenvolvimento dos genitais e pelos pubianos estiveram positivamente correlacionados com o componente 2 e inversamente correlacionados com o componente 3. Conclui-se que existe relação entre a maturação sexual e os indicadores antropométricos e pressóricos, sendo variáveis representativas de risco cardiovascular em adolescentes, mesmo que não em sua totalidade.

ABSTRACT Wind solicitations generate horizontal, tensile, and compressive stresses on building foundations. In empty light structures, such as agricultural greenhouses and, in the specific case of silos and elevated structures such as metal water tanks, the consideration of these loads becomes important because the lack of the weight component due to the storage load significantly influences the balance of forces. This study focused on the behavior of metallic steel profiles, aiming at its application as a foundation element for the pile, considering the soil of Diabasic origin common to the Center-South region of Brazil. Load tests in real scale were carried out on three steel profiles, type I, gauge W 250 mm x 32.7 kg m-1, drilled in the ground up to 12m deep by means of a pile driver. One steel profile was submitted to lateral loading, another to vertical compressive loading, and the other to vertical tensile load. Test results determined the bearing load of the pile for each loading type, calculated the soil reaction coefficient for lateral loading, and verified the applicability of load capacity prediction methods to tensile and compressive strengths of piles, commonly used in foundation projects.

En la práctica de la ingeniería geotécnica es común el empleo de fundaciones por pilas cargadas transversalmente en la parte superior. Frecuentemente este tipo de fundación es ejecutada en suelos de alta porosidad y colapsables, comunes en varias regiones de Brasil. Debido a la poca información disponible en la literatura, se realizaron dos pruebas de carga con cargamento transversal en una pila (diám. 0,8 m; prof. 9,0m; diám. base 1,60m). Se realizó una prueba de carga estando el suelo en su condición de humedad natural y otra después de la previa inundación. Fueron obtenidas las curvas carga x desplazamiento horizontal y los coeficientes de reacción horizontal. Los resultados permitieron verificar la aplicabilidad de fórmulas teóricas de previsión de comportamiento, así como proponer parámetros a ser utilizados para el suelo. Previo a la realización de las pruebas de carga fueron realizados ensayos de laboratorio y campo para la investigación del subsuelo.

In geotechnical engineering, the use of caisson foundations transversally loaded at the top is common. This type of foundation is frequently used on high-porosity and collapsible soils, which are common in many regions in Brazil. Because of the limited information available in the literature, two loading tests were performed with transversal loading in a caisson built at full scale (0.8 m diameter, 9.0 m depth, 1.6 m base diameter). A load test was performed with the soil in its natural humidity condition, and another load test was performed after the previous soil flooding. Load vs horizontal displacement curves and the horizontal direction coefficient of the soil were obtained. The results permitted the verification of the applicability of behavior-predicting theoretical formulae in addition to the proposal of parameters for use on the studied soil. Before executing the load tests, laboratory and in-situ tests were performed to investigate the local subsoil.

Considerando-se que a maior parte de construções rurais utiliza fundações por estacas escavadas, pequisou-se, neste trabalho, o comportamento à tração de três estacas , submetidas a esforços verticais de tração. O comportamento à tração foi pesquisado, por ser esta situação bastante comum em estruturas leves, como silos, galpões, caixas d'água elevadas, etc. As estacas foram executadas no Campo Experimental para Estudos de Mecânica dos Solos e Fundações da Unicamp, localizado na cidade de Campinas - SP. O subsolo do local é constituído por um solo poroso de Diabásio, cuja primeira camada de 6,5 m é constituída de argila silto-arenosa, seguida de uma camada de silte argilo-arenoso e nível do lençol freático a 17 m de profundidade. Para a verificação do comportamento destas estacas, foram executadas provas de carga de acordo com a NBR 12131. A capacidade de carga destas estacas foi prevista por meio da utilização de métodos teóricos próprios para esforços de tração e semiempirícos (próprios para esforços de compressão), considerando neste último somente a parcela de resistência lateral e superfície de ruptura no contato estaca/solo.

This paper presents the behavior of three bored piles conducted in diabasic soil submitted to uplift forces. The piles were built at the site for Experimental Studies in Soil Mechanics and Foundations of UNICAMP, located in the city of Campinas, Brazil. Field tests have already been conducted at the site (SPT, CPT, DMT and PMT), as well as laboratory tests by using sample soils taken from a well up to 17 m deep. The water table is not checked until a depth of 17 m. In order to check the behavior of the piles when submitted to uplift forces, slow static load tests were carried out as the recommendations of NBR 12131. The carrying capacity of these piles was also provided by means of theoretical methods, appropriate for uplift forces, and through semi-empirical methods appropriate for compression forces, considering only the portion of lateral resistance. The values estimated by using the considered methods were compared to those obtained by means of load tests. One of the tested piles was extracted from the soil to be the subject of a study on its geometry.

Os solos porosos arenosos colapsíveis ocorrem na região central do Brasil, representando 5% da área do país. Esses coluviões porosos alcançam espessuras de até 15 metros. Nesse trabalho, foram construídas estacas pré-moldadas de concreto, instrumentadas, especialmente confeccionadas para essa pesquisa. Essas estacas foram cravadas em solo arenoso de alta porosidade, colapsível, situado na região oeste do Estado de São Paulo. Diversas provas de carga axiais, estáticas, foram efetuadas em seis estacas (por ensaios de compressão, tração e carregamento horizontal). Foram realizados, ainda, ensaios geotécnicos laboratoriais e de campo nesses solos, com o intuito de melhor caracterizar o campo experimental estudado.

Collapsibles porous sands are found to a large extent of Brazil, representing 5% of the country. In the layers of those soils the thickness are of to 15 meters. Precast-concrete piles were build, with instrumentation, made to that research. The piles were drive in soil sandy porous collapsible, found in the state of São Paulo (Brazil). Vertical static load tests were made in six piles (compression, uplift forces and horizontal loading). There were performed field tests and laboratory in samples obtained from the subsoil, aiming geotechnical characterization of the place.